SYNFUELS EEEJet TECHNOLOGY Today, jet fuel from renewable resources costs more than jet fuel made from petroleum and other fossil fuels, but that extra cost can be justified by the additional value of reduced emissions and zero carbon foot print. Synfuels jet fuel (EEEjet) has better properties and better value than other products that claim to be synthetic jet fuels. Synfuels EEEjet derived from natural gas is identical to its renewable biojet product, except it is formulated from non-renewable, abundant natural gas.

Lower Freeze Point

Traditional jet fuel derived from petroleum has to remain a liquid down to -47 degrees C (-53F): (ASTM-D-2386). Having a low freeze point for jet fuel is important as the air temperature cools quickly with elevation. Traditional petroleum derived jet fuel that has too much straight chain hydrocarbons known as n-paraffins has trouble meeting this specification. Typical petroleum jet fuels contain 10 to 30% n-paraffins. Synthetic renewable and non-renewable jet blends by the well known Fischer Tropsch process consists largely of waxy n-paraffins. Synfuels renewable jet usually contains only 1 to 5% n-paraffins, resulting in Synfuels Renewable or Natural Gas derived jet fuel having a freeze point of -65C or lower. A lower freeze point means safer flying, especially over the poles and during winter months in the Northern Hemisphere.

Controlled Aromatic Content

By specification, jet fuel must have between 0% and 25% aromatic content (ASTM D-1319). Normally, jet fuels with 8% to 20% aromatics are preferred because of improved properties in this range such as physical and energy density, seal swell and water solubility among others. The Synfuels jet process (patent pending) allows for the preparation of direct replacement jet fuel in the range of about 5% to 25% aromatic product and for the manufacture of up to about 80% aromatic blendstock that is capable of being blended with other natural and synthetic jet fuels in order to fabricate a finished product that meets the customer’s needs.

Defined Quality/Quality Control

Unlike other manufacturers that make a jet fuel with an unalterable aromatic content, the Synfuels jet process is very flexible such that batches of varying aromatic content from 5% to 80% can be made on demand. Most product properties can be measured online so that the desired quality is maintained constantly.

Reduced Smoke Formation Precursors

Jet engines smoke is often caused by larger polycyclic compounds (i.e. naphthalenes, indanes and tetralins) that are naturally present in petroleum based products in concentrations of around 5% to 7%. Heavier oils that are cracked to make jet fuel will have even more of these types of chemical species. As they are burned, these chemical species form smoke particles more easily than other fuel components because they already have the fundamental aromatic ring structure of graphitic soot.

Napthalene	Indane	Tetralin

Synfuels jet fuel has nearly zero naphthalene content and only about 1% indanes and tetralins. FT fuels have near zero aromatic content and contains virtually no soot precursors which results in very clean combustion and virtually no soot production. Synfuels renewable jet fuel combustion may produce measureable soot, but it will be substantially less than typical petroleum jet fuel.

Zero Sulfur and Metals

Synfuels’ jet fuel, like most synthetic natural gas and renewable biomass based fuels will be free or nearly free of sulfur and metals (i.e. vanadium, titanium, manganese, arsenic). Petroleum based fuels are always challenged to meet sulfur content regulations. The near future of increasingly heavier petroleum will contain more of these poisons and noxious chemicals. Processing costs to remove these toxins will force the price of petroleum derived jet fuel ever higher, while the Synfuels jet fuel customer can be assured that the regulations on these toxins will never cause them concern.

Direct Jet Fuel Replacement

Synfuels’ jet fuel can meet all of the specifications required for aviation jet fuel while exceeding some requirements, making Synfuels jet fuel a better fuel than that made by nature. Other synthetic jet fuel replacements exhibit “molecular clumping” such that the naturally smooth distribution curve of molecules is replaced with a preponderance of one molecular weight or another. Although extensive testing of these fluids has not been done, it is widely believed that “molecular clumping” can result in unexpected viscoelastic properties and can result in phase separation during storage. Synfuels jet fuel is virtually identical to petroleium derived jet fuel from the perspective of molecular size, distribution and class, although it contains very little n-alkane or polycyclic hydrocarbons, making it that much better.

Mixable with FT Synthetic Jet Products

Synfuels’ jet fuel can be blended with many different synthetic fuels to make a blend that can meet jet fuel specifications whereas the non-Synfuels renewable or natural gas derived jet fuel cannot. A recent study showed that an FT jet fuel that could not meet density and aromatic content specifications alone could do so as a 60:40 Synfuels /FT synthetic blend. Current petroleum based/synthetic blends are approved as 50:50 blends, so they contain 50% synthetic fuel. Using Synfuels renewable jet fuel, 100% renewable jet fuels can be made alone or with others.

Advantages of Synfuels Jet Fuel Technology Over Fischer Tropsch

The initial product composition of Fischer Tropsch (FT) is highly dependent on pressure, temperature, feed gas composition, catalyst type, catalyst composition and reactor design. Post treatment requires catalytic dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization. Maximum selectivity results from lower temperature and slower reactions, more expensive catalyst and carefully controlled H2/CO ratio. Wide variability can be expected in product quality. Much of the product (about 50%) is wax which must be cracked, isomerized and reacted to form liquid fuel products.

FT jet fuel consists of straight chain alkanes. This material cannot meet jet fuel specifications including physical density, energy density and freeze point. It can be mixed with traditional jet fuel to form a blend that has been qualified as jet fuel, but errors can always occur in blending.

Synfuels ethylene derived jet fuel has been proven by both commercial and US Military labs to meet or exceed all jet fuel specifications. Synfuels ethylene derived jet fuel can be made from 100% renewable feedstocks such as plant derived ethanol or from natural gas using the Synfuels Gas to Ethylene (GTE) process. Synfuels ethylene derived jet fuel has a very low freeze point naturally making it an excellent choice for high altitude or arctic flight. Its high temperature stability was 60C over typical petroleum derived jet fuel. Although not yet fully qualified, it is projected to be a 100% jet fuel replacement in either its renewable or single use form.

Synfuels Natural Gas Derived Jet Fuel

Synfuels EEEjet derived from natural gas is identical in nature and performance to its biologically derived jet fuel. It is not a renewable fuel, but has all of the excellent qualities, such as low freeze point, higher thermal stability, reduced expectation to form smoke along with low metal and sulfur content. It is made from the ethylene created in Synfuels’ Gas to Ethylene (GTE) process. Expected advantages of natural gas derived jet fuel include: anticipated lower production cost and greater consistency in raw material availability and quality. EEEjet made from natural gas can be made wholly with Synfuels technology, eliminating the need to acquire products, such as ethanol, from others or for additional licenses, such as for ethanol dehydration technology.

Jet Fuel Technology Patent Application

“System and Method for the Production of Liquid Fuels” Serial # 61/385,096

Abstract:

A method of producing liquid fuels by providing an olefin feed containing at least one C2-C20 olefin, oligomerizing a part of the feed in the presence of a first catalyst to form a first product comprising oligomers of at least one olefin, and oligomerizing a portion of the first product in the presence of a second catalyst to produce a second product. A system of producing liquid hydrocarbons, the system including a first reactor configured to provide a first product by oligomerizing, in the presence of a first catalyst, at least a portion of an olefin feed comprising at least one olefin, a separator configured to provide an unreacted olefin-reduced first product by separating unreacted olefin from the first product, and a second reactor configured to provide a second product by oligomerizing, in the presence of a second catalyst, at least a portion of the unreacted olefin-reduced first product.

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